SOMETHING TO KNOW
A. Tick (✔) the correct option:
1. If we want to reach a far off place very quickly, best choice will be-
(a) Railways
(b) Airways (✔)
(c) Roadways
Answer – (b) Airways (✔)
2. A camel cart is loaded with sacks of-
(a) Red chillies (✔)
(b) Green chillies
(c) Cotton
Answer – (a) Red chillies (✔)
3.The most popular means of transport on the hills is-
(a) Horse
(b) Camel
(c) Mule (✔)
Answer – (c) Mule (✔)
4. Increased traffic on roads lead to-
(a) Accidents (✔)
(b) Development
(c) Prosperity
Answer – (a) Accidents (✔)
B. Fill in the blanks:
[Help Box – railways, boats, bullock, transport, tassels]
1. In coastal areas, fishermen use boats to transport fish.
2. Camels are beautifully decked up with tassels and bells.
3. People use different means of transport for travelling over different distances.
4. Bullockis called a farmer’s friend.
5. Railways are suitable for carrying larger quantity of goods.
C. Match the following:
1. Elephant (b) Assam
2. Fruits (a) Perishable item
3. Ships (d) Oil drilling equipment
4. Trucks (e) Big cities
5. Ferries (c) Cold storage
D. Answer the following questions in brief:
1. Name two factors that help us to select the mode of transport.
Answer – Factors that help us to select the mode of transport are-
Distance
Time
Fare
Suitability
2. What are the main means of transport that run on rural roads? Why are they used by the farmers?
Answer – Main means of transport that run on rural roads are carts, tractor trolleys or trucks.
They are used by the farmers to transport fruits and vegetables to nearby cities and towns.
3. Mention five items that are transported from cities to villages and from villages to cities.
Answer – Five items transported from cities to villages are:
Fertilisers
Light Machinery
Textile
Scooter
Petrol/ Diesel.
Five items transported from villages to cities are:-
Vegetables
Fruit.
Rice
Wheat
Gunny bags
4. How does airways score over railways and roadways?
Answer – It scores in following ways:
It is most comfortable mode of transport.
It is the fastest mode.
It can cover over very difficult terrains and undulating topography.
It doesn’t have to face for traffics.
5. List three advantages that India has in water transportation with a long coastline.
Answer – Three advantages that India has in water transportation with a long coastline are:-
It promotes international trade.
It provides livelihood to fisherman.
Water transport is cheaper than other modes of transport especially for oil drilling equipment and heavy machinery.
E. Answer the following questions:
1. Mention the negative impact of expanding role of means of transport.
Answer – The negative impact of expanding role of means of transport are-
Their usage has increased the traffic on roads.
Delay in delivery of goods and services.
Increase in accident.
2. Suggest three ways to reduce vehicular pollution in cities.
Answer – Three ways to reduce the vehicular pollution in cities are –
Use of electric vehicle.
Use of alternative fuel like CNG instead of petrol/diesel-
Use public transport
Promote car-pooling or any other vehicle.
Use of cycle or walk for short distance.
3. Why is a bullock called a farmer’s friend?
Answer – Bullock is called farmer’s friend because:-
A bullock is used for ploughing the field.
A bullock helps in pulling water from the well which can be used for irrigation.
It is used for transporting goods.
It is economical as compared to tractors as they can feed on grass which cuts the extra burden of food cost.
4. What steps are being taken to reduce traffic jams in cities?
Answer – To reduce the traffic jams, following steps are taken-
(i) The quality roads are being constructed and also efforts are made to improve the quality of existing road.
(ⅱ) More bridges, flyovers, service roads and bypass roads are being constructed.
5. The means of transport are a part and parcel of our lives. Explain the statement by highlighting the role of railways, roadways, airways and waterways.
Answer – The means of transport are a part and parcel of our lives
Railways are economical and ideal for transporting heavy goods.
Roadways provide door to door services.
Airways help reaching a far off place quickly.
Waterways are cheaper way of transporting very bulky goods like Cargo containers, drilling equipments, machinery for printing etc.
VALUE BASED QUESTION:
Man’s love for the animals is centuries old, but some people treat them with cruelty. List the steps you can take if you see someone ill-treating an animal.
Answer – Animal have been man’s friend since ancient time. Animals help man in ploughing the fields, transporting fruits and vegetables, travelling etc.
But some people beat them with cruelty. If we find someone ill-treating the animal following steps should be taken-
Ask them not to do so and also seek help from like-minded people to stop them from doing so.
I will take the injured animal to veterinary shop.
Educate people that stray animals also deserve love.
Map Skill
1. On a political map of India, locate, mark and colour the following:
A costal area (Cochin)
A hilly region (Assam)
Gurgaon (Haryana)
Ahmadabad (Gujrat)
Meerut (U.P.)
Bikaner (Rajsthan)
Delhi
2. Find out the symbols used for marking railways and airways on a map. Trace the air-route and rail-route from your state to any place you want to visit.
Answer – Air-route Odisha (BBSR) to New Delhi
Train-route Odisha (BBSR) to New Delhi
SOMETHING TO DO
1. Prepare a chronological album showing all the stages of development of means of transport from early man to the modern man.
Answer –
2. Discuss with your grandparents, parents and teachers about the changes that have come in rural transport in the last two decades. Write a short paragraph about how the rural-urban divide is disappearing.
Answer – We find, a drastic change in the last two decades in rural transportation system. Now-a-days many villages having the same means of transport which town and cities have. The reason behind this advancement is growth in technology and population.
We have also noticed that the rural-urban divide is disappearing very fast because of education and business strategies along with big dream of youngsters. It has been significantly narrowing of the gaps between rural and urban areas. Now we can find good school and collages, hospitals, small scale industries are being established and setup in villages also. These are shrinking the rural-urban gaps.
3. The jawans ride the beautifully decorated camels and horses during the
Republic Day Parade.
List five special occasions when people ride animals.
(a) During Indian marriage horse
(b) Camel mela in Bikaner
(c) Kambala, Karnataka, Buffalo riding
(d) Bullock Cart Race, Maharashtra
(e) During Indian marriage elephant (Madhya Pradesh)