Keywords To Remember
- Community – A group of people living in the same place or having a particular characteristic in common.
- Interdependence – Mutual reliance between people, groups, or nations for goods, services, or support.
- Family – The smallest unit of a community; a group consisting of parents and their children living together.
- Neighbourhood – A local area within a town or city where people live close to each other.
- Society – A community of people who share a common culture, institutions, and way of life.
- Unity in Diversity – A concept that means staying united despite differences in culture, language, or religion.
- Culture – The ideas, customs, art, and social behaviour of a particular group or society.
- Tradition – Customs and beliefs passed down from generation to generation.
- Civic Values – Moral values such as honesty, patriotism, discipline, and cooperation necessary for good citizenship.
- Sanskaars – Cultural and moral values taught by families that shape one’s character and personality.
- Discrimination – Unfair treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, or gender.
- Prejudice – A negative attitude or opinion about someone based on race, religion, or personal characteristics without reason.
- Bonded Labour – A system where workers are forced to work to repay a loan, often without fair wages or freedom.
- Industrialisation – The process of developing industries in a country or region on a wide scale.
- Urban Community – A community that lives in towns or cities with access to modern amenities and jobs.
- Rural Community – A community that lives in villages, often dependent on agriculture and traditional livelihoods.
- Basic Amenities – Essential services such as clean drinking water, electricity, sanitation, and shelter.
- Green Revolution – A movement in the 1960s that increased food production through new technologies and farming methods.
- White Revolution – A movement started in the 1970s to increase milk production in India.
- Blue Revolution – A movement to increase fish production in India through improved techniques in aquaculture.
- Yellow Revolution – A movement aimed at increasing the production of oilseeds in India.
- Economic Activities – Activities related to production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
- Social Reformers – Individuals who worked to improve society by removing social evils like untouchability, gender bias, etc.
- Caste System – A traditional social hierarchy in India which divided people based on their occupation and birth.
- Gender Bias – Unequal treatment or perception of individuals based on their gender.
- Literacy – The ability to read and write; a key to individual empowerment and societal progress.
- Panchayati Raj – A system of rural self-government in India consisting of Gram Panchayats.
- Municipality – An urban local government responsible for civic administration of a city or town.
- Directive Principles – Guidelines in the Constitution of India aimed at establishing social and economic democracy.
- Fundamental Rights – Basic rights guaranteed by the Indian Constitution such as the right to equality and freedom.
- Festivals – Celebrations that reflect cultural and religious values, often associated with harvest, seasons, or historical events.
- Customs – Traditional ways of behaving or doing things in a community.
- Livelihood – Means of securing the necessities of life, especially through work.
- Agriculture – The practice of farming, including cultivation of soil and rearing of animals.
- Division of Labour – The assignment of different tasks to different people to improve efficiency and productivity.
- Development – The process of growth and change that makes a society more advanced and economically strong.
- Social Justice – Fair and just distribution of resources and opportunities within a society.
- Tolerance – The ability or willingness to accept the existence of opinions or behaviour different from one’s own.
- Heritage – Cultural practices, traditions, and monuments passed down from earlier generations.
- Migration – The movement of people from one place to another for work, better living conditions, or safety.
Something To Know
A. Tick (✔ ) the correct option.
- The smallest unit of community life is ̶
(a) a village.
(b) a family.
(c) a school.
(d) a child.
Answer – (b) a family.
- It is very essential to keep the environment
(a) light and bright.
(b) clean and green.
(c) dry and wet.
(d) hot and cold.
Answer – (b) clean and green.
- Economic development has made villages and towns
(a) close to each other.
(b) distant from each other.
(c) independent of each other.
(d) rivals of each other.
Answer – (a) close to each other.
- Which one of the following festivals is not a harvesting festival?
(a) onam
(b) baisakhi
(c) diwali
(d) pongal
Answer – (c) diwali
- The Directive Principles of State Policy are helpful in achieving our national goal like
(a) secularism
(b) economic justice
(c) population control
(d) education for all
Answer – (b) economic justice
B. Fill in the blanks.
- Several families living close to one another form a ____________________ .
Answer – neighbourhood
- Community life promotes a feeling of ____________________.
Answer – cooperation
- Depending on one another is called ____________________.
Answer – interdependence
- Education makes us a good ____________________ .
Answer – citizen
- India is mainly a land of ____________________ .
Answer – villages
C. Give one word answer to the following.
- Name the first school of a child. ____________
Answer – Family
- Name the harvest festival of Tamil Nadu. ____________
Answer – Pongal
- What makes the fulfilment of our needs possible? ____________
Answer – Interdependence
- What forces the villagers to migrate to towns and cities? ____________
Answer – Lack of employment
- Which factor has diluted the impact of India’s economic progress? ____________
Answer – Overpopulation
D. Answer the following questions in brief.
- What values does our family inculcate in us?
Answer – Our family inculcates values like love, respect, honesty, discipline, and responsibility.
- How does school help us in our development?
Answer – School provides knowledge, shapes our character, builds discipline, and helps us become good citizens.
- How did economic interdependence begin in a community?
Answer – Economic interdependence began when people started dividing work and depending on each other for goods and services.
- List any four essential services commonly required by rural as well as urban communities.
Answer – Clean drinking water, electricity, transport, and healthcare.
- Name the main factors responsible for Green Revolution in India.
Answer – Use of high-yielding seeds, fertilizers, irrigation facilities, and modern agricultural techniques.
E. Answer the following questions.
- How did the ‘community life’ begin?
Answer – Community life began when people realized they could live better by working together, sharing resources, and helping each other.
- How does the cultural exchange help in community development?
Answer – Cultural exchange promotes understanding, respect, and unity among people, leading to harmony and development.
- Distinguish between the rural and urban communities.
Answer –
Rural Community | Urban Community |
Mostly farmers | Mostly professionals, industrial workers |
Less developed | Well developed with modern facilities |
Based on agriculture | Based on industry and services |
Peaceful, slower life | Fast-paced life |
- Highlight the factors that make the city-life in India very difficult.
Answer – Overpopulation, traffic congestion, pollution, lack of space, and expensive housing.
- State the provisions given in the Indian Constitution which aim at bringing equality.
Answer – Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, right to equality, and laws against discrimination.
Value Based Question
Anurag is a student of DAV Public School, Dhanbad, Bihar. One day, he found his best friend Shivam crying because his father was in the hospital and needed blood urgently. After the school, Anurag went with Shivam and donated blood. When he reached home and told everything to his parents, they scolded him for what he had done.
- How far do you agree with Anurag’s parents?
Answer – I do not fully agree with Anurag’s parents. Donating blood to save a life is a noble act, especially if done responsibly and safely.
- What will you do if you get a chance to donate blood in such a situation and why?
Answer – I would donate blood to help someone in need, after consulting a doctor. It is a selfless and humane act that can save a life.
Map Skill
On an outline political map of India, locate and label the following:
(a) Any two North Indian states where Green Revolution took place.
Answer – Punjab and Haryana
(b) The state where Pongal is celebrated.
Answer – Tamil Nadu
(c) The state to which Bihu dance is associated with.
Answer – Assam
(d) The state known for Onam festival.
Answer – Kerala
Something To Do
- Mak Make a list of problems caused by over-population. Hold a group discussion in the class to find out solutions to these problems.
Answer – List of problems caused by over-population:
Unemployment
Pollution
Poor healthcare
Housing shortage
Food scarcity
Traffic problems
Water shortage
Poor sanitation
Overcrowded schools
Lack of public transport
Group Discussion Topic: Solutions like awareness, family planning, better education, rural development, etc.
- List ten ways in which your family helps you. In return, what can you do for your family?
Answer – Provides love and care
Gives food and shelter
Supports in studies
Protects from danger
Teaches values
Celebrates festivals
Encourages you
Helps in decision making
Takes care in illness
Guides morally
In return: Help in chores, study sincerely, respect elders, and be responsible.
- Cite examples of unity in diversity in your day to day life.
Answer – Celebrating Eid, Diwali, and Christmas together
Eating different regional foods at school
Speaking different languages but still being friends
Participating in school events from various cultures
Watching movies in different Indian languages
- Hold an exhibition in the school where the stalls should represent different states of India showing food, dresses, dance forms and varieties of natural vegetation and wildlife.
Answer – Each stall can represent a state – with posters, traditional clothes, dishes, dances (like Bhangra, Bharatnatyam), and wildlife (e.g., Sundarbans of West Bengal, Gir lions of Gujarat).
Additional Questions And Answers – 01
Fill in the Blanks (with Answers)
- India is known for its __________ in culture and tradition.
diversity - A school helps children become __________ citizens of society.
responsible - The practice of sharing and caring in a community is called __________.
cooperation - Onam is celebrated in the state of __________.
Kerala - People in a community are __________ on each other.
interdependent - The Constitution of India promotes __________ among all citizens.
equality - The __________ Revolution improved agricultural productivity in India.
Green - The first and most important unit of society is the __________.
family - Villages are mainly dependent on __________ for livelihood.
agriculture - Interdependence builds __________ among community members.
trust
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) with Answers
- Which of the following is a harvesting festival?
(a) Holi
(b) Baisakhi
(c) Diwali
(d) Christmas
(b) Baisakhi - Which of the following promotes cooperation and mutual respect?
(a) Isolation
(b) Competition
(c) Community life
(d) Migration
(c) Community life - Which one is a benefit of education?
(a) Laziness
(b) Ignorance
(c) Employment
(d) Illiteracy
(c) Employment - The Green Revolution was successful mainly in –
(a) Tamil Nadu and Kerala
(b) Punjab and Haryana
(c) Maharashtra and Gujarat
(d) Assam and Nagaland
(b) Punjab and Haryana - Which value is taught first in a family?
(a) Ambition
(b) Discipline
(c) Fashion
(d) Competition
(b) Discipline
True/False Questions (with Answers)
- The village is the largest unit of society.
Ans. False
- Interdependence leads to strong community life.
Ans. True
- Diwali is a harvest festival.
Ans. False
- Community life creates competition among members.
Ans. False
- School plays a role in character building.
Ans. True
- Overpopulation is not a challenge in cities.
Ans. False
- Cultural exchange helps promote unity.
Ans. True
Short Answer Questions (2–3 lines each)
- What is community life?
Community life means living together in a group where people help, support, and depend on each other. - How does education help in society?
Education builds knowledge, character, and skills to become responsible citizens. - What is the main occupation in rural communities?
Agriculture is the main occupation in rural areas. - Why do people migrate from villages to cities?
People migrate due to lack of jobs, healthcare, and education in villages. - What is cultural diversity?
It means different cultures, languages, festivals, and traditions coexisting in one society.
Competency-Based Questions (Reasoning & Assertion)
Q1.
Assertion (A): Overpopulation leads to unemployment and poverty.
Reason (R): There are limited resources and jobs available.
Options:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Q2.
Assertion (A): A school is called a mini society.
Reason (R): Students learn only sports in school.
Ans. (c) A is true but R is false
Q3.
Assertion (A): Cultural exchange encourages unity in diversity.
Reason (R): It helps people understand and respect different traditions.
Ans. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
High Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) Questions
- Why is interdependence considered the foundation of community life?
Interdependence creates cooperation and unity. People share resources and responsibilities, which helps society grow and solve problems together. - How can urban and rural communities help each other grow?
Urban areas provide technology and education, while rural areas supply food and raw materials. By supporting each other, both can grow economically and socially. - If your school has students from different backgrounds, how will you promote unity?
By celebrating each other’s festivals, respecting all traditions, learning different languages, and avoiding discrimination.
Long Answer Questions (Word Limit: 40–50 Words)
- How does the school contribute to an individual’s development?
A school teaches discipline, moral values, and social skills. It helps children gain knowledge, develop character, and prepare for future responsibilities. It is the foundation of personal and community growth. - What are the major challenges of city life in India?
Cities face issues like overpopulation, pollution, traffic jams, expensive housing, and lack of open spaces. These problems affect the health and comfort of people and need proper planning and management. - Explain how cultural diversity strengthens our nation.
Cultural diversity helps us learn new customs, languages, and beliefs. It encourages tolerance, cooperation, and respect. This unity in diversity is the strength of our democratic and multicultural society. - Why is community life important for human beings?
Humans are social beings and need support, safety, and interaction. Community life offers emotional support, cooperation, and resources that help individuals and the group grow together in harmony.
Additional Questions And Answers – 02
Fill in the Blanks Questions and Answers
- Man is called a __________ animal because he cannot live without a society.
Answer: Social - The smallest unit of a community is the __________.
Answer: Family - The values like discipline, honesty, and patriotism are called __________.
Answer: Sanskaars - The __________ Revolution increased crop production like wheat and rice in India.
Answer: Green - The science of map-making is known as __________.
Answer: Cartography - The __________ is the first school where a child learns skills like walking and talking.
Answer: Family - The __________ of labour leads to specialization and increased production.
Answer: Division - The __________ dance of Gujarat reflects the cultural heritage of the region.
Answer: Garba - The __________ Rights in the Indian Constitution aim to ensure equality.
Answer: Fundamental - __________ is known as the ‘Father of Green Revolution in India’.
Answer: M.S. Swaminathan - The __________ Principles of State Policy guide the government to achieve social justice.
Answer: Directive - The practice of treating some people as outcastes is called __________.
Answer: Untouchability - Villages are primarily dependent on __________ for their livelihood.
Answer: Agriculture - The __________ dance form is associated with Assam.
Answer: Bihu - The __________ bodies in cities manage urban governance.
Answer: Municipal
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) and Answers
- What is the smallest unit of a community?
a) School
b) Family
c) Neighbourhood
d) Village
Answer: b) Family - Which revolution is associated with increased crop production in India?
a) White Revolution
b) Green Revolution
c) Blue Revolution
d) Yellow Revolution
Answer: b) Green Revolution - What does the term ‘Sanskaars’ refer to?
a) Economic activities
b) Civic and moral values
c) Agricultural techniques
d) Dance forms
Answer: b) Civic and moral values - Which dance form is associated with Rajasthan?
a) Garba
b) Bihu
c) Ghoomer
d) Onam
Answer: c) Ghoomer - What is the main occupation in rural areas of India?
a) Industry
b) Agriculture
c) Trade
d) Services
Answer: b) Agriculture - Who is known as the ‘Father of Green Revolution in India’?
a) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
b) M.S. Swaminathan
c) Swami Dayanand Saraswati
d) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
Answer: b) M.S. Swaminathan - What does the term ‘prejudice’ mean?
a) Economic inequality
b) Prejudgment or preconceived notions
c) Cultural diversity
d) Social unity
Answer: b) Prejudgment or preconceived notions - Which constitutional provision aims to ensure equality?
a) Directive Principles
b) Fundamental Rights
c) Village Panchayats
d) Municipal Bodies
Answer: b) Fundamental Rights - What percentage of India’s population lives in cities, as mentioned?
a) 25%
b) 31.2%
c) 40%
d) 50%
Answer: b) 31.2% - Which social reformer was against the caste system?
a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
b) Swami Dayanand Saraswati
c) M.S. Swaminathan
d) Ptolemy
Answer: b) Swami Dayanand Saraswati
True/False Questions and Answers
- The family is the smallest unit of a community.
Answer: True - The Green Revolution is related to the production of milk.
Answer: False (It is related to crop production.) - Schools only provide academic education and do not contribute to community living.
Answer: False (Schools train in community living.) - Division of labour increases production and leads to specialization.
Answer: True - India’s unity in diversity is imposed from outside.
Answer: False (It is a result of appreciation and tolerance.) - The Constitution of India includes provisions to reduce social inequalities.
Answer: True - Rural areas have no access to electricity or modern appliances.
Answer: False (Many rural areas now have electricity and appliances.) - Prejudice refers to acting on preconceived notions in a biased manner.
Answer: False (Prejudice is prejudgment; discrimination is acting on it.) - The Bihu dance is associated with Punjab.
Answer: False (Bihu is associated with Assam.) - Overpopulation in cities has led to scarcity of basic amenities.
Answer: True
Short Questions and Answers
- Why is man called a social animal?
Answer: Man is called a social animal because he cannot live without society, which provides security and support. - What is the smallest unit of a community?
Answer: The family is the smallest unit of a community. - What are Sanskaars?
Answer: Sanskaars are civic and moral values like discipline, honesty, and patriotism that shape personality. - What is the Green Revolution?
Answer: The Green Revolution increased crop production, like wheat and rice, in India, starting in the 1960s. - Name one harvest festival in India.
Answer: Baisakhi - What is division of labour?
Answer: Division of labour is when different people perform specialized tasks, increasing production and efficiency. - What is untouchability?
Answer: Untouchability is the evil practice of treating some people as outcastes or untouchables in society. - Who was a key social reformer against untouchability?
Answer: Swami Dayanand Saraswati - What is the role of schools in community life?
Answer: Schools impart education and train individuals in community living, fostering positive contributions to society. - What is meant by unity in diversity in India?
Answer: Unity in diversity refers to India’s strength in embracing varied cultures, beliefs, and traditions harmoniously.
Competency-Based Questions and Answers (Reasoning and Assertion)
- Assertion: The family is the first school for a child.
Reason: It teaches skills like walking, talking, and instills civic values like honesty and discipline.
Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason explains the assertion. - Assertion: Division of labour promotes economic development.
Reason: It increases production, lowers costs, and leads to specialization in tasks.
Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason supports the assertion. - Assertion: India’s unity in diversity is a source of strength.
Reason: It stems from tolerance and appreciation of varied cultures and traditions.
Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason explains the assertion. - Assertion: Rural areas face challenges like illiteracy and unemployment.
Reason: Rapid population growth has diluted the impact of developmental progress.
Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason supports the assertion. - Assertion: The Constitution of India addresses social inequalities.
Reason: Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles promote social and economic justice.
Answer: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason explains the assertion.
High Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) Questions and Answers
- Why does community living promote interdependence among people?
Answer: Community living fosters interdependence as individuals rely on specialists like farmers, doctors, and teachers to meet diverse needs. This mutual cooperation enhances social bonds, ensures resource sharing, and promotes collective well-being, driving continuous community development. - How does the family contribute to a child’s personality development?
Answer: The family, as the first school, teaches skills like communication and social interaction while instilling values like honesty and discipline. These Sanskaars shape a child’s personality, fostering traits like cooperation and patriotism essential for community living. - Why is the Green Revolution significant for rural communities in India?
Answer: The Green Revolution boosted crop production, improving rural livelihoods through modern agricultural techniques and tools. It enhanced food security, raised living standards, and connected villages to markets, though population growth poses challenges to sustaining these benefits. - How does cultural diversity contribute to India’s unity?
Answer: Cultural diversity, seen in varied festivals, dances, and traditions, fosters unity through mutual respect and tolerance. This appreciation of differences, like celebrating Baisakhi or Onam, strengthens India’s social fabric, creating a cohesive national identity. - Why do social inequalities persist despite constitutional provisions?
Answer: Despite Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles promoting equality, social inequalities persist due to deep-rooted prejudices, economic disparities, and slow implementation. Factors like illiteracy, casteism, and rural-urban divides hinder progress, requiring sustained efforts to achieve social justice.
Long Questions and Answers (40-50 Words)
- Explain the role of the family in community life.
Answer: The family, the smallest community unit, teaches children skills like walking and talking, and instills values like discipline and honesty. It fosters cooperation and loyalty, shaping personality and preparing individuals for community living, acting as the first school for social development. - How does division of labour contribute to economic development?
Answer: Division of labour assigns specialized tasks to individuals, increasing production and efficiency. It lowers costs, promotes specialization, and supports economic activities like farming, trading, and manufacturing, fostering interdependence and growth in both rural and urban communities. - Why is unity in diversity a unique feature of India?
Answer: India’s unity in diversity arises from embracing varied cultures, religions, and traditions with tolerance. Festivals like Baisakhi and Onam, and dances like Garba and Bihu, reflect this harmony, strengthening national identity and fostering pride in a rich cultural heritage. - Describe the impact of the Green Revolution on rural India.
Answer: The Green Revolution increased crop yields through modern farming techniques, improving rural livelihoods. It brought electricity, new tools, and market access to villages, raising living standards. However, population growth and inequalities challenge the sustained progress of rural communities. - How do constitutional provisions address social inequalities in India?
Answer: The Indian Constitution includes Fundamental Rights, like Right to Equality, and Directive Principles to promote social and economic justice. These provisions aim to reduce inequalities, eliminate untouchability, and ensure equal opportunities, fostering a more equitable society despite ongoing challenges.