SOMETHING TO KNOW
A. Tick (✔) the correct option:
1. The opportunities of employment in rural areas have
(a) Increased
(b) Decreased (✔)
(c) Disappeared
Answer – (b) Decreased (✔)
2. Scarcity of milk developed due to-
(a) Low production of milk
(b) Increased population (✔)
(c) Decrease in demand
Answer – (b) Increased population (✔)
3. The White Revolution is related to-
(a) Food grain
(b) Fisheries
(c) Dairy farming (✔)
Answer – (c) Dairy farming (✔)
4. An important aspect of changing trends in occupation is-
(a) Participation of women
(b) Gender discrimination
(c) Industrialisation
Answer – (a) Participation of women (✔)
B. Fill in the blanks:
[Help Box – women, machines, Dr. Kurien, professionals, tailor]
1. The use of machines in agriculture brought a great change in occupations.
2. Dr. Kurien created a National Milk Grid that linked all milk producers with consumers.
3. Many women suffer due to unequal treatment known as Gender Discrimination.
4. White Revolution involved many professionals and non-professionals.
5. The profession of a software engineer is related with technology.
C. State whether True or False:
1. A blacksmith supplies tools to the farmer. True
2. Villagers are dependent on agricultural or non-agricultural activities. True
3. Low quality feed given to milk giving animals created scarcity of milk. True
4. Tube well diggers are in great demand in villages. True
5. A rickshaw-puller is a professional. False
D. Answer briefly:
1. Mention two non-agricultural occupations of rural areas.
Answer – Two non-agricultural occupations of rural areas are Blacksmith and Potter.
2. Name two occupations that are common in urban areas.
Answer – Doctor and Teacher are two occupations that are common in urban areas.
3. Give one reason of low production of milk.
Answer – The quality of animals and their feed are not very good. Which resulted in the lower productions of Milk.
4. Name four milk products that you like.
Answer – Jobs that doesn’t require any educational qualification are –
Workers at construction sites.
Coolies at railway station.
Rickshaw pullers.
5. Do you consider any work inferior? Give one reason.
Answer – No, I don’t consider my work inferior because no work is superior or inferior. Work itself is a dignity and should not be consider good or bad.
E. Answer the following questions:
1. How has mechanisation brought a change in agriculture sector?
Answer – Uses of machines brought a great change in agriculture. A single machine replaced the labour of many workers. Machines and electricity in village also created some new occupation like tube well diggers, tractors divers salesman, mechanician etc.
2. Define White Revolution. How did it bring changes in dairy farming?
Answer – White revolution refers to the milk production processing, marketing, export and distribution of by-products of milk like butter, cheese, ghee, yogurt, curd etc.
White revolution brought following changes:
India became the largest producer of milk in the world.
The national milk grid that linked producers with consumers in over 700 towns and cities. It reduced seasonal and regional price & variations.
The cooperatives were given the responsibility of collection and supply of milk and milk products.
3. Explain changing trends in occupation in the present times with examples.
Answer – Three ways in which technology has changed our lives are:-
The widespread use of computers, internet and mobile phones is a proof of how technology has influenced every section of society, all over the world.
It has made travel, communication, learning and data storage very easy.
Technology has also created thousands of new job, like computer scientists, software developers, cloud architectures, mobile engineers etc.
4. What is Dignity of Labour? Give an example.
Answer – Dignity of labour means that all occupation whether involving intellect or physical labour deserve equal respect and dignity.
Ex: Mahatma Gandhi, used to do all types of work at his own, even cleaning toilets.
5. Define Gender Discrimination. In what ways do the women suffer due to gender discrimination?
Answer – The unequal treatment of girls and women compare to boys and men is known as Gender Discrimination. Eg:-women and men are not given same wages for a particular same work.
VALUE BASED QUESTIONS:
1. The Cleanliness Drive Campaign has been launched under Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in India to clean dirty streets and remove overflowing garbage bins.
How can you contribute towards this campaign?
Answer – We can contribute to Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in following ways:-
We can pick up the plastics and throw it into the dustbin.
We can vow that we will not throw litters on the roads.
We can keep our surrounding clean by sweeping the area around our house.
2. You want to live in a clean and healthy environment. Which values do you need to create suitable conditions for fulfilling your dream?
Answer – If we want to live in a clean and healthy environment, we need to fulfill following conditions
Clean green and safe environment.
Protection and love of plants.
Afforestation and stop trees cutting.
Map Skill
On a political map of India, locate, label and colour the following places:
A state famous for Sand Art and Patta Chitra.
Answer – Odisha
A state where White Revolution originated.
Answer – Gujrat
A state where Green Revolution increased the agricultural production.
Answer – Punjab
A state with highest women’s literacy rate.
Answer – Kerala
A Technology city of India
Answer – Bengaluru (Karnataka)
SOMETHING TO DO
1. What would happen if there was nobody to clean your streets and home? List five problems that you will face.
Answer – If there was nobody to clean our streets and home then following things will happen
1. The garbage will start accumulating at one place.
2. The place will become dirty, unhygienic and filthy.
3. Mosquitoes and other germs will start breeding there.
4. It will lead to a many fatal diseases.
2. Why celebrities are involved in creating awareness about girl education, cleanliness, health and hygiene campaigns?
Answer – Many celebrities are involved in creating awareness about girl education, cleanliness, health and hygiene campaigns because they are role model for many youths and Indians. If they do such campaigns then it brings a massive change in the society.
3. The trends of occupation have undergone a great change even in the urban areas. Why? List some new urban occupations.
Answer – Some new urban occupations are
Transportation planning
Plan Manager
Environmental Manager
Project Manager
4. Name the occupations that women have successfully taken up now that were so far labeled as “Male dominated occupations”.
Answer – Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
Principal
Army
Police Officer
Administration
Politics
5. Look at the pictures. Who are they? Name the occupation and write one sentence about it.
Answer –
6. Draw/Paste pictures and label any four occupations that you admire the most!
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)