You Must Know
1. Different types of fibres are used to make clothes.
2. Fibres can be natural or synthetic.
3. Natural fibres are obtained, either from plants, or from animals.
4. Cotton, jute, coir and linen, are examples of plant fibres.
5. Silk and wool are examples of animal fibres.
6. Synthetic fibres are manufactured in factories, using chemicals.
7. We use the processes of spinning, weaving, dyeing, printing, finishing and tailoring, in that sequence, to get the clothes we wear. These are made from natural, or synthetic, fibres.
Something To Know
A. Fill in the blanks.
1. Cotton plants grow well in black soil.
2. Cotton is obtained from the fruit of the cotton plant, called boll.
3. The body coat of sheep is called the Fleece.
4. Wool is obtained from the body coat of animals like the sheep, camel or yak.
5. Jute is obtained from the stem of jute plant.
B. Match the following:
1. Fibres into threads (c) spinning
2. Thread into fabric (d) weaving
3. Colouring the fabric. (a) dyeing
4. Making patterns on fabric (e) printing
5. Making fabric smooth and shiny (b) finishing
C. Tick (✔) the correct option.
1. Which one of these is not a man-made fibre?
nylon
tereyline
linen (✔)
rayon
Answer – linen(✔)
2. From the following, the only incorrectly matched ‘pair’ is—
silk-mulberry
jute-stem
cotton-seeds (✔)
coir-outer covering of coconut
Answer – cotton-seeds(✔)
3. The process, of pulling and twisting of strands to make a fibre, is known as
printing
spinning (✔)
weaving
dyeing
Answer – spinning(✔)
4. ‘Weaving’ is done by using machines called-
taklis
looms (✔)
charkhas
needles
Answer – looms(✔)
5. Jute and cotton plants grow well, respectively, in-
alluvial, and black, soils (✔)
black, and ordinary, soils
black, and alluvial, soils
ordinary, and alluvial, soils
Answer – alluvial, and black, soils(✔)
D. Answer the following questions in brief.
1. How are clothes important for us?
Answer – Clothes protect us from the vagaries of nature. They also protect our modesty.
2. Define the term ‘natural fibres.
Answer – Fibres which are obtained from plants or animals are called natural fibres.
3. Give two examples of plants fibres.
Answer – Cotton and jute.
4. Name the kind of soil that is suitable for growing jute plants.
Answer – Alluvial soil.
5. Where is coir obtained from?
Answer – Coir is obtained from outer shell of coconut.
E. Answer the following questions.
1. State the conditions that help in growth of cotton plant.
Answer – Conditions that help in growth of cotton plant are as follows:
Warm and humid climate
Temperature of over 16°C
Black soil
2. Why do we need to use ‘fresh soil’ for cultivating jute plant every year? State any three uses of jute.
Answer – Jute plant uses up the fertility of the soil to a large extent. Hence, we need to use ‘fresh soil’ for cultivating jute plant every year.
3. Give the difference between ‘spinning’ and ‘weaving.
Answer – Spinning is the process of making yarn from fibre, while weaving is the process of making fabric from yarn. Spinning is done by takli, charkha and spindles. Weaving is done by loom.
4. Write, in correct sequence, the names of the steps involved in the production of cloth.
Answer – Collecting fibres from different sources: Spinning, Weaving, Dyeing, Printing, Finishing, Tailoring.
5. Differentiate between natural and synthetic fibres. State any three advantages of synthetic fibres over natural fibres.
Answer – Natural fibres – Obtained from plants or animals.
Have been in use since thousands of years.
Synthetic fibres – Made in factories or laboratories.
Have recently come in use.
Three advantages of synthetic fibres over natural fibres
They are wrinkle free.
They are cheaper.
Their colour lasts longer.
Value Based Question
Vaibhav, the son of a weaver was very much liked and appreciated, by all his teachers. He was a picture of attentiveness and concentration in his class. He behaved, and worked, in a way similar to that of his father.
1. Which, according to you, are the qualities/values that Vaibhav’s father needs while doing his work of weaving cloth?
Answer – Concentration and attention to details.
2. Give one example, other than weaving, of a process of making fabrics from fibres’.
Answer – Knitting.
3. Play a skit, in the class, to outline, and explain, the role of each of the processes used in the making of our clothes.
Answer – Students will do this at their own.
Something To Do
1. Make a list of the clothes that you have in your almirah/suitcase. Classify them into two categories: clothes made from (a) natural fibres (b) synthetic fibres. Further, classify them as clothes made from fibres obtained from (i) plants (ii) animals.
List of Clothes
Answer – Clothes from Natural fibres – Shirt, Frock, Trousers etc..
Clothes from Synthetic fibres. – Shocks, Bedsheet, Curtains etc..
Clothes from fibres obtained from plants – Shirt, Frock, Trousers etc..
Clothes from fibres obtain from animals – Sweater, Shari, Kurta etc..
2. Take small pieces of coloured clothes made of cotton, silk and nylon. Wash them separately in a given solution of a detergent. Rinse them with water and leave them for drying. Make the following observations to compare the properties of these fabrics.
| Property | Cotton | Silk | Nylon |
| (a) Time taken to dry. | More | Medium | Less |
| (b) Appearance of wrinkles | Wrinkles appear | Wrinkles appear | No wrinkles |
| (c) Shrinking of cloth. | Cloth may shrink | Do not shrink | Do not shrink |
| (d) Loss of colour | Colour may fade | Does not fade | Does not fade |
| (e) Ease of ironing | Difficult to iron | Difficult to iron | Ease to iron |