Something to Know
A. Fill in the blanks.
1. Leaves are known as food factories of the plant.
2. Plants, like Sweet potato, reproduce through roots.
3. Carbon dioxide and water are the raw materials needed for photosynthesis.
4. Micropyle is a small hole present on the seed.
5. Movement of seeds, from one place to another, is called seed dispersal.
B. Match the following:
1. type of reproduction without seeds – e. vegetative reproduction
2. green pigment present in leaves – a. chlorophyll
3. a fruit that does not bear seeds – b. banana
4. reproduction through leaves – c. bryophyllum
5. dispersal of seeds through cracking – d. pea and ladyfinger
C. Tick (✔) the correct option.
1. The small baby plant, coming out of a seed is known as the-
(a) grain
(b) stomata
(c) root
(d) seedling (✔)
Answer – (d) seedling (✔)
2. The process, by which a plant make its own food, is called-
(a) photosynthesis (✔)
(b) germination
(c) reproduction
(d) dispersal
Answer – (a) photosynthesis (✔)
3. Which of these plants has only one cotyledon?
(a) gram
(b) pea
(c) wheat (✔)
(d) bean
Answer – (c) wheat (✔)
4. For proper germination, a seed needs-
(a) water only
(b) just the right temperature
(c) air only
(d) water, air as well as the appropriate temperature (✔)
Answer – (d) water, air as well as the appropriate temperature (✔)
5. Lotus seeds are dispersed mainly through-
(a) insects
(b) birds
(c) air
(d) water (✔)
Answer – (d) water (✔)
D. Answer the following questions in brief.
1. Name the pigment present in green leaves of a plant.
Answer – Chlorophyll
2. Why do some plants feed on insects?
Answer – Plants feed on insects to get extra nourishment from insects as they grow in poor soil which lacks nitrogen salts.
3. Name the two methods of reproduction in plants.
Answer – The two methods of reproduction are:
- Reproduction through seeds.
- Vegetative reproduction.
4. State the conditions required for the proper germination of a seed.
Answer – The conditions required for the proper germination of seed are:
- Air
- Water
- Warmth
5. Name two plants that reproduce through stem cuttings.
Answer – Rose, sugarcane
E. Answer the following questions.
1. Why do all seeds not germinate to form new plants?
Answer – All seeds do not germinate to form new plants because all seeds don’t get sufficient air, water, sunlight and nutrients. Those which get, they germinate, and others die.
2. Seeds do not germinate when they are kept in an ice-box or refrigerator. Why?
Answer – Seeds do not get germinate when they are kept in an ice-box or refrigerator because seeds need correct temperature to germinate while the temperature in refrigerator is very low.
3. State the importance of vegetative reproduction in plants.
Answer – Vegetative reproduction is important for plants because:
- It is easier and faster method of growing plant.
- It also helps to grow plants like banana which bear no seeds.
4. List any three natural ways of seed dispersal. Give one example for each of them.
Answer – Three natural ways of seed dispersal are through:
- wind- cotton
- water- coconut
- humans and animals- mango
5. How can one grow a rose plant without seeds?
Answer – One can grow a rose plant by using the stem cutting of a grown up plant.
6. State the function of following:
Answer – (a) seed coat- It protects the baby plant
(b) cotyledons – They store food for the baby plant to grow.
(c) micropyle- It allows water to enter into the seed.
7. Write the ways of dispersal of seeds in the following plants.
| Plants | Ways/Agents of Dispersal of seeds |
| Madar | Wind |
| Lotus | Water |
| Castor | Human and animals |
| Beans | Cracking and bursting |
| Mango | Human and animals |
| Water lily | Water |
Value Based Question
Riya’s neighbours went to Chennai for 20 days during summer vacation. They requested Riya’s mother to take care of their plants in their absence.
Riya and her mother took this responsibility happily. They watered the plants regularly and shielded them from the heat of the sun during day time. When the neighbours returned home, they thanked Riya and her family for taking good care of their plants.
1. In what ways Riya and her mother took care of plants?
Answer – They watered the plants regularly and shielded them from the heat of the sun during day time.
2. State the qualities of Riya that are depicted by this situation.
Answer – Responsible, helpful, nature loving.
3. What could have happened if Riya and her mother had not taken care of their neighbour’s plants?
Answer – If Riya and her mother had not taken care of their neighbour’s plants then plants would have died due to excessive heat from sun.
Something to Do
1. Have you ever thought of planting a sapling on your birthday or gifting saplings as return gift to your friends? Do such activities help to save environment? Discuss.
Answer – Yes, I have planted a Jackfruit plant on my 11th birthday. Moreover, I used to gift saplings and also as a return gift to my beloved ones as it encourages sensitivity towards environment protection. I do believe that such activities help to save environment.
2. Draw well-labelled diagrams of five different seeds in your notebook.
3. Solve the crossword puzzle.
Across
1. The process by which a seed produces a baby plant (11) – GERMINATION
4. Important for plant growth (4)- SOIL
6. A young plant (8) – SEEDLING
Down
2. A plant that grows from stem cuttings (4)- ROSE
3. Store food for the baby plant (10)- COTYLEDONS
5. Lotus seeds are dispersed by (5)- WATER
4. Take some seeds of wheat and moong dal. Soak them in water overnight and put them in soil. Record your observations and compare the results with your classmates. Discuss the same with your teacher.
Record your observations with diagrams in the following manner.
Germination of Seeds
| Days | Observations | Diagrams of the seed/seedling/plant |
| Day 1 | ||
| Day 3 | ||
| Day 5 | ||
| Day 7 | ||
| Day 9 |
Answer – Students will do this activity at their own and maintain the above box.
By Sunaina Karmakar