Something to Know
A. Fill in the blanks.
1. Water, which is fit for drinking, is called potable water.
2. Ground water is not fit for drinking because it contains dust and germs.
3. Filtration removes dust from water.
4. Boiling and chlorination kill germs present in water.
5. Water should always be stored in clean and covered utensils.
B. Write True or False for the following statements.
1. We should always store drinking water in covered clean containers. True
2. We can drink water that has been stored for many days. False
3. We need to purify water before drinking it. True
4. We can allow water to stagnate around our house. False
5. We should use a ladle to take out water from a container. True
C. Tick (✔) the correct option.
1. Germs, present in water, may be killed by-
(a) simple filtration
(b) storing it in covered containers
(c) storing it for many days.
(d) chlorination (✔)
Answer – (d) chlorination (✔)
2. By drinking unclean water, one may get a disease like-
(a) malaria
(b) dengue
(c) chikungunya
(d) jaundice (✔)
Answer – (d) jaundice (✔)
3. Dust and other suspended particles present in unclean water can be removed by-
(a) boiling
(b) keeping it in a fridge
(c) filtration (✔)
(d) chlorination
Answer – (c) filtration (✔)
4. Our body requires, and uses, water for-
(a) breathing
(b) digestion of food (✔)
(c) preparation of food
(d) transpiration
Answer – (b) digestion of food (✔)
D. Answer the following questions in brief.
1. State the meaning of the term ‘potable water’.
Answer – Water which is fit for drinking is called ‘potable water’.
2. Name any two diseases that can be caused by drinking unclean water.
Answer – Name of two diseases that can be caused by drinking unclean water are
Diarrhea
Cholera
3. Name the diseases which are spread by mosquitoes.
Answer – The diseases spread by mosquitoes are-
Malaria
Dengue
4. How does boiling help in making water safer for drinking?
Answer – Boiling helps in killing of the germs present in the water and making it fit for drinking.
5. Name two methods of purification of water.
Answer – Two methods of purification of water are-
Boiling
Chlorination
6. State any two ways of safe handling of drinking water.
Answer – Two ways of safe handling of drinking water are –
Water should always be stored in clean and covered containers.
We should never dip our hands in water stored for drinking purpose. We must use ladle for it.
E. Answer the following questions.
1. Why should water be purified before drinking?
Answer – Water should be purified before dinking because it may contains germs and dust particles.
2. What is chlorination? How does it purify water?
Answer – Adding a small amount of chlorine into the water is called chlorination. It purifies water by killing germs in it and making it safe for drinking.
3. Why is the traditional method of filtration not completely sufficient for making water fit for drinking?
Answer – Traditional method of filtration is not completely sufficient for making water fit for drinking because it does not kill all the germs present in water.
4. Why should we not allow water to stagnate around our houses?
Answer – We should not allow water to stagnate around our houses because it may be the breeding place for mosquitoes.
5. State two ways that can be used to prevent breeding of mosquitoes in room coolers.
Answer – Two ways that can be used to prevent breeding of mosquitoes are –
We should change water in room cooler after three to four days.
When water cannot be changed then two spoons of kerosene should put in it.
Value Based Question
Mr. Chanderkant washes his car daily with a pipe. His wife washes clothes in a washing machine in the courtyard of their house. The waste water, from the car- wash and the washing machine, does not go into the drain. Instead, it spreads on the road and collects in the form of a pool. This water remains there and stagnates.
One day Dr. Nishant Narang, a friend of Mr. Chanderkant, visits his home. He notices the pool of stagnant water. He tells Mr. Chanderkant that this stagnant water is a breeding place for mosquitoes which can cause diseases like malaria and dengue. Mr. Chanderkant realises his mistake and promises to make sure that water does not stagnate in his neighbourhood.
1. Point out the lack of values displayed by Mr. and Mrs. Chanderkant.
Answer – Mr. and Mrs. Chanderkant lack following to values.
No proper use of resources.
Lack of responsibility.
Lack of environmental values.
2. State the values displayed by Dr. Narang.
Answer – Values displayed by Dr. Narang are-
Friendship
Responsible
Environmentally conscious.
3. Suggest some ways to ensure that there is no stagnation of water around Mr. Chanderkant’s house.
Answer – Following ways can ensure no stagnation of water:-
Proper drainage system in society.
House’s waste water pipe should be well connected to drainage system.
People should be made aware of bad effects of stagnation of water.
4. State some other ways to prevent the breeding of mosquitoes.
Answer – Ways to prevent the breeding of mosquitoes are-
Do not allow logging of water in area around you?
Do clean rain gutters to allow water to flow freely.
Do spray kerosene oil in drains pit.
Something to Do
1. Draw pictures of different types of containers used for storing water and colour them.
Answer –
2. Find out about symptoms of diseases like malaria, dengue and jaundice.
Answer – People experiencing symptoms such as cold, runny nose, cough, sneezing, fever, diarrhea and headache may need to take these tests. Symptoms of vector-borne diseases like Dengue and Malaria are also similar and it may be confusing to identify your illness without taking these tests for confirmation.
3. List the precautions that can be taken to avoid getting the above mentioned diseases.
Answer – Avoid mosquito bites by wearing light coloured full-sleeved clothes.
Do not move around on the lawns in the morning and evening hours. Also, keep the doors and windows closed during this time.
Use personal mosquito repellent devices in your rooms. Also Mosquito nets are recommended to be used.
Report the cases of water logging to Supervisors so that immediate action shall be initiated to clear the water logging. This will prevent mosquito breeding in and around hostels.
Use Drinking water from one reliable source having a water purifier.
Avoid eating outside food prepared in unhygienic conditions.
Wash your hands thoroughly and frequently.
4. Try to set up a ‘traditional filter’ and use it for cleaning dirty water.
Answer –
