SOMETHING TO KNOW
A. Tick (✔) the correct option:
1. Development in science and technology has replaced-
(a) Steam engine (✔)
(b) Petrol engine
(c) Diesel engine
Answer – (a) Steam engine (✔)
2. What is an indicator of the level of development of a country?
(a) Food
(b) Culture
(c) Transport (✔)
Answer – (c) Transport (✔)
3. It is the fastest and most comfortable means of transport-
(a) Airways (✔)
(b) Waterways
(c) Railways
Answer – (a) Airways (✔)
4. The length of India’s coastline is
(a) 7617 km (✔)
(b) 3500 km
(c) 6872 km
Answer – (a) 7617 km (✔)
5. Which is the busiest air route in India?
(a) Delhi Kolkata
(b) Delhi – Chennai
(c) Mumbai- Delhi (✔)
Answer – (c) Mumbai- Delhi (✔)
B. Fill in the blanks:
[Help Box – price, states, border, diesel, overseas, fuel]
1. Efforts are being made to reduce the consumption of petrol and diesel.
2. National highways link all states.
3. Overseas water transport is mainly for trade and tourism.
4. Increase in transportation cost is added to the price of an item.
5. Border roads are constructed along the borders for the movement of army.
6. Vehicles cannot run without fuel.
C. State whether True or False:
1. Roads have encouraged national unity. True
2. The first train covered a distance of 134 kilometres. False
3. Earlier pipelines were used for gas transportation. False
4. Use public transport system to reduce traffic on roads. True
5. Crude oil is supplied by trucks to the oil refineries. False
D. Answer briefly:
1. Mention two problems created by increase in road traffic.
Answer – Two problems created by increase in road traffic are –
Pollution
Accident
2. What are the advantages of airways?
Answer – Two major advantages of airways are –
It is the fastest means of transport.
It can cover difficult landforms easily.
3. Which is the best mode of transport? Why?
Answer – In my opinion, railways are the best mode of transport because –
They are economical.
They can carry a large number of people at a time.
4. Name any two renewable sources of energy.
Answer – Two renewable source of energy are.
Solar energy.
Wind energy.
5. List two changes that have improved railways in recent times.
Answer – Two changes that have improved railways in recent times are:-
Railways provide computerised reservations.
They are equipped with modern amenities and comfort.
E. Answer the following questions:
1. List three ways in which a well-developed transport system affects the lives of people.
Answer – Three ways in which a well-developed transport system affects the lives of people are.
It helps movement of goods and services.
It also helps to meet people from different part of world. Hence increases national unity.
It helps in promoting trade and commerce.
2. In which four ways are railways better than roadways?
Answer – The railways are better than roadways in the following ways-
They can carry heavy goods easily from one place to another.
They are faster than roadways.
Railways are more comfortable and economical.
They provide restaurants and resting facilities.
3. Name the items transported by pipeline transportation. Mention two advantages of pipeline transportation.
Answer – The items transported by pipelines transportation are crude oil, petroleum products, natural gas and water
Two advantages of pipeline transportation are –
It cuts the transportation costs.
It reduces the possibility of delay and loss.
4. Briefly describe the different types of roads of India.
Answer – Types of roads in India are:-
National highways: Act as the main road network in the Country by linking all states.
State highways: These roads connect state capital with different districts.
District Roads & The branch roads that connect al district headquarters with other places of the district.
Village roads: These roads links the village with towns.
Border roads: Constructed and maintained along the borders of India.
5. How can renewable sources of energy help in reducing pressure on petrol and diesel?
Answer – Renewable source of energy like solar energy, wind energy etc. are plentiful and can be renewed. Hence, switching to renewable source of energy will help in reducing pressure on petrol and diesel.
VALUE BASED QUESTION:
Imagine a day in your life when there are no means of transport. How will you reach your school? What will you learn from such an experience?
Answer – Our day to day activities are so dependent on transport that life without transport is unimaginable. I have to go school by walking. My school is really far away from my house. It is approximately 7 km away. It will be really hard for me to go to school. I have to wake up at least 2 hours early and it will be tiring for me to of walk 7 km.
Map Skill
On a political map of India, locate, label and colour the following:
Two cities having international airports.
Answer – Mumbai and Delhi
Two major seaports of India.
Answer – Cochin Port and Chennai Port
Two national highways.
Answer – NH 19 (Golden Quadrilateral) Bengal
NH 44 Longest highway.
SOMETHING TO DO
1. Railways suffer from certain problems like without ticket passengers, pulling chain to stop the trains, attacks by terrorists, theft and damage to railway property, etc. Suggest some ways to put a stop on such activities.
Answer – There are some ways to put a stop on such activities are –
Installation of CCTV inside the coaches.
Deployment of more Railway Protection Force (RPF).
Train Protection and Warning System (TPWS),
Vehicular Anti-collision System (VACS),
Vigilance Control Device (VCD),
Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS),
Mobile Train Radio Communication (MTRC)
System, and Train Management System (TMS)
2. How does increase in fuel prices affect the prices of vegetables, fruits and grains? Give two examples.
Answer – The places of production and cultivation of vegetables, fruits and grains needs to be transported to another places where it requires. Secondly, production equipments like tractor water pump, thrashing machine are run on fuel. So, increase in fuel prices affect the prices of vegetables, fruits and grains.
3. Prepare a timeline chart of the inventions and discoveries in the means of transport that changed the life of man.
Answer –
4. Find out the significance of subways, flyovers and highways in modern times.
Answer – With regard to moving vehicles too much especially in metro cities, rapid construction of subways, flyovers and highways easily maintains the traffic. It can accommodate many commuters at a time. Provides an easy and fast way to move from one place to another.